Sermons, 1816-1831, 3 v.; poems, 2 v.

This collection contains letters written by Henry Pelham Burn to his family in England, while he was in the US South and in Michigan working for the Moral Re-Armament movement for 4.5 years, beginning at age 18. The letters describe his involvement in the movement as well as his travels and personal activities. Formats include handwritten letters and postcards, and some photographs.

Correspondence, 1931-1974; material related to World Council of Churches, Presbyterian Board of Foreign Missions, and American Association of Theological Schools; articles; manuscripts of books; notebooks; and newspaper clippings.

Included are diary, 1864-1866; nine notebooks on Old Testament lectures; notes on "History of Religion;" and scrapbooks containing articles by himself, material relating to the earliest Hebrew literature, and dealing with his own and Charles A. Brigg's trial, and the judicial case of the Presbyterian Church against Smith.

Correspondence; sermons; Presbyterian Church materials including letters relating to possible union of the Presbyterian Church and the Protestant Episcopal Church in the U.S.A., 1937-1954; letters and materials relating to Robert College, Istanbul, Turkey; manuscript for A HALF-CENTURY OF UNION THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY, ca. 1954; and manuscripts and galley proofs by biographer M.P. Noyes, ca. 1964.

Henry Smith Leiper (1891-1975) was a Congregational minister, church official, and UTS student from 1914-1917. The collection contains materials related to Leiper's work against Nazism in Germany before, during, and after World War II, including correspondence, news clippings, and publications. The bulk of the records were created when Leiper was Secretary of the Federal Council of Churches (FCC).

Henry White was a pastor at several New York area Presbyterian churches and Professor of Systematic Theology at UTS from 1836-1850. The collection contains four bound volumes of lectures notes compiled by his students, on lectures in systematic theology given from 1842-1849.

Henry William Rankin was a librarian at the Northfield Mount Hermon School, a theologian, philosopher, and author of a series of works on theology and biblical exegesis. This collection contains Rankin's correspondence, including correspondence with David Baines Griffiths related to "The Bible and the Universe," as well as correspondence with other friends and colleagues and later correspondence related to the Rankin archive.

Herman E. Wornom (1902-1992) was a UTS and Columbia University Alumnus (1923-4 and again 1935), religious educator and professor, author, and General Secretary of the Religious Education Association from 1952-1970. The collection contains material related to Wornom's studies including transcripts, syllabi, reading lists, class notes, assignments, and term papers, as well as handwritten notes taken by Wornom at meetings of the Toward a Better World Society.

Hervey De Witt Griswold was a Presbyterian missionary in Lahore, Punjab, India (now Pakistan) from 1890-1926. The collection includes Griswold's diaries, sermons, published essays, council notes, prayer books, and Bible studies.

This collection contains one volume (211 pages) handwritten and compiled by Hezekiah Waterman Ripley, assistant treasurer and then Director for Life of the American Home Missionary Society, titled "Sketch of the History of the American Home Missionary Society."

Howard W. Yoder was a Methodist missionary in Peru, Bolivia, and Panama, and Executive Secretary of the Committee on Cooperation in Latin America of the Division of Foreign Missions of the National Council of Churches of Christ in the USA from 1954 – 1963. The collection contains a 1954 report by Yoder on the state of Protestant missions in Cuba, Jamaica, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, and Puerto Rico.

H. Richard Niebuhr was president of Elmhurst College, 1924-1927; Sterling Professor of Theology and Christian Ethics, 1954-1962 at Yale University (faculty since 1931); and was known for conglomerating neoorthodoxy, realism, and Christian existentialism. The collection contains 13 typescript essays thematically divided into four sections: Deity of God; Human bondage; Divine action and human response; and Catholic vision.

Hugh B. Porter (1897-1960) was a musician and educator who graduated from the UTS School of Sacred Music in 1930, and served as faculty from 1930 until his death in 1960. This collection contains correspondence, alumni material, hymnody, and material related to professional activities.

The majority of the collection consists of diaries, correspondence, reports and pamphlets (mainly in English) covering the missionary and educational work in China of Hunter Corbett and Harold F. Smith. Also includes some photographs and a collection of printed and ms copied items in Chinese, 1885-1948.

The Institute of Pacific Relations was created in 1925 to bring awareness to issues between the nations of the Pacific Rim. The collection contains minutes, reports, correspondence, conference records, committee and other administrative records, and newspaper clippings related to the Institute of Pacific Relations and its American Council branch.

The Interchurch World Movement was founded under the Foreign Mission Board and allied agencies to unite and coordinate Protestant churches and their programs in North America. The collection includes a manuscript of the Movement's history, correspondence, reports, minutes, pamphlets, and notes.

The International Association of Women Ministers was organized (originally named the International Association of Women Preachers) on November 21, 1919 at the YWCA in St. Louis, Missouri, to develop an enabling fellowship among women ministers; promote equal ecclesiastical rights for women; urge women to qualify for increased efficiency in Christian service; and encourage consecrated and capable women to take up the work of Christian ministry. The collection consists of the records kept by the governing board of the IAWM including membership records, board minutes, financial records, photographs, subject files, and periodicals including the organization's newsletter, The Woman's Pulpit.

International Missionary Council was established in 1921. It linked missionary councils to discuss issues such as the missionary obligation of the church, theological education, and the ecumenical movement. Associated with the World Council of Churches in 1939, in 1961, it was integrated with WCC as its Commission on World Mission and Evangelism. Collection contains documents, correspondence, pamphlets and photographs relating to the formation and development of the organization.

The International Missionary Union was an organization of international evangelical missions dedicated to diffusion of missionary intelligence, discussion of missionary topics, and increase of mutual acquaintance among missionaries of different churches and countries. The collection contains photographs, articles, member rolls, pamphlets, minutes and administrative records, correspondence, and one Syriac language journal.

Isaac Swift (1845-1937); UTS class of 1969; Presbyterian minister in New York and Michigan parishes; served as pastor (later pastor emeritus) in Syracuse, NY, 1878-1929. The collection contains one bound manuscript (310 pages) of lectures Swift attended at Union Theological Seminary, dated September 15, 1866. Lectures by William G. T. Shedd, C. A. Van Dyck, Thomas Skinner, and Albert Barnes.

Isaac Taylor Headland was a missionary and educator in China. The collection contains correspondence, and photographs and clippings, including both formal portraits and street scenes of everyday life in China, as well as images of Beijing, military forces involved in the Boxer Rebellion, and the Qing Imperial family.

Jacalyn Shelley is an Episcopalian layperson and poet based in New Jersey. The collection contains a donation letter, her Master's thesis on the ordination of women in the Episcopal Church, as well as her research in the form of transcripts of her oral history interviews with seven Episcopal Women priests from the Diocese of New Jersey (the first generation of women priests in Diocese of New Jersey).

James Avery Skinner was a graduate of the UTS Class of 1860, and an ordained minister in the Presbyterian and Episcopal churches, who served in California, Ohio, and New York City area ministries. The collection contains a commonplace book containing newspaper clippings, certification materials, and manuscript and printed sermon materials.

James Emman Kwegyir Aggrey, 1875-1927, was a distinguished scholar and educator from the Gold Coast, West Africa. The collection contains materials gathered by the Missionary Research Library documenting the life and work of Dr. Aggrey, including letters, newspaper clippings, a biographical sketch, and a bibliography.

This collection contains professional and personal materials of Reverend Doctor James Hal Cone, a pioneering voice in American religious history and founder of black liberation theology. Materials include teaching materials such as syllabi and student work, notes, lectures and documentation of speaking engagements, supporting research for and manuscripts of publications, photographs, personal and professional correspondence, documentation of committee and other work at UTS, financial materials, AV materials used for research and documenting speaking engagements, books, and awards and memorabilia.

This collection contains 42 letters written to former Presbyterian minister James H. Ecob, the majority concerning his resignation from the Presbyterian church in protest of the heresy trial of Charles Augusts Briggs.

James Hoyt was a Union Theological Seminary student from 1841-1844, and an ordained Presbyterian minister. The collection contains a letter from Hoyt to his cousin, Mary Louisa Starr, dated March 24, 1844.

Personal and professional papers including correspondence, subject files, course files, and writings.

Framed prayers, notebooks, mimeographs.

Collection contains writings, correspondence, journals, the New York State Conference of Religion, photographs and scrapbooks.

James Shepard Dennis was a Presbyterian missionary, historian, and statistician of missions who served for four years as a missionary in Syria, primarily in Sidon and Zahleh, and was professor in the Presbyterian Theological Seminary in Beirut from 1873 – 1891. The collection contains correspondence; meeting minutes; an address book; a Book of Particulars; and information about the publication of Christian Missions and Social Progress, by Dennis.

James Stanley Durkee was a Baptist and Congregationalist minister who served in Maine, Massachusetts, and New York. He was the last white president of Howard University (1918-1926) and presided over Plymouth Church of the Pilgrims in Brooklyn, New York, from 1927-1941. The collection contains handwritten and typed sermons, sermon outlines, notes, extracts, and newspaper clippings, arranged in chronological order.

[summary].

James Whitford Bashford was a resident Methodist bishop in Shanghai and Peking, China, and former president of Ohio Wesleyan University. The collection contains diaries which include notes on religion, lands, people, and history of China; and index to the diaries; as well as photographs and collection notes.

Jane Toomer is thought to have been a missionary. The collection contains a nineteenth century commonplace book attributed to Jane Toomer, which includes copies of letters, excerpts from sermons and other theological writings, and some writing in Chinese.

Materials documenting work with refugees in Eastern Europe and Nigeria; Bonn with Church World Service and NCCC from 1950s- 70s; correspondence; photographs.

Joan Brown Campbell served as the General Secretary of the National Council of the Churches of Christ from 1991 to 1999. The collection contains speeches, sermons, and interviews given by Joan Brown Campbell while serving as the General Secretary of the NCCC, as well as audiotapes of some of those appearances. Additional materials include biographical files, news releases, and press clippings.

[summary].

Personal and professional papers including class materials; publications in draft; unpublished presentations; 48 diaries/journals from age of 12 onwards; photo albums; awards and diplomas.

Johannes Deinzer, 1842-1897; Lutheran writer with interests in doctrinal theology. The collection contains a 423 page notebook of Deinzer's notes, handwritten in German, on the "Dogmatik" lectures given by Gustav Schmidt at Union Theological Seminary in 1894.

Papers consist of textual materials including manuscripts, creative writing by Bishop Coburn, prayers and sermons, lectures and research materials.

The Bennett papers consist mainly of correspondence, writings, addresses and records from organizations in which Bennett was involved. Correspondence ranges from UTS-related matters to individual correspondence, much of it international and on themes of interest to Bennett, such as pacifism and communism, as well as important correspondence related to four U.S. presidential elections. A significant collection of lectures, sermons and addresses covers the full range of Bennett's ethical, political and human rights interests. His writings are represented by articles, reviews and contributions to volumes with accompanying correspondence.

John Crosby Brown was a banker and a member of the Board of Directors of Union Theological Seminary in New York City. The collection contains correspondence, a program from the J. C. Brown memorial service, and a palm leaf Pali manuscript.

John Deming Wolf was a UTS graduate (1942) and Methodist chaplain. The collection contains material compiled by Wolf related to UTS students who conscientiously objected to registration for conscription during WWII, including newsclippings and photographs, pamphlets, and other related documents, including "Information in Regard to Registration at the Seminary under the Selective Training and Service Act," court proceedings, and a signed statement by the students.

John Dunbar was a Presbyterian missionary who lived with Pawnee of Nebraska on behalf of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions. The collection contains a handwritten manuscript detailing Dunbar's experiences, and two letters written to his son by a pastor inquiring about Dunbar's work.

John Ferguson Moore, Protestant author and secretary in the Railroad Department of the Y.M.C.A. who wrote several pieces on the Roman Catholic Church, including an unfinished manuscript titled The Attitude of the Christian Church Toward Secret Societies. The collection contains Parts 1 and 2, as well as reports, bibliographies, and interviews on the subject of Catholicism.

Correspondence; minutes; and reports regarding missions and Christian colleges in China, India, Japan, and Korea, 1880-1922; also manuscripts, photographs, and memorabilia from his estate.

This collection contains correspondence relating to the financial and ministerial work of John Franklin Goucher, Methodist pastor and benefactor of educational institutions in India, China, Japan, and Southeast Asia, as well as a hardcover book entitled "Views in Lucknow," presented to Goucher by the students of Reid Christian College in Lucknow, India.

John Goodman Hall graduated from Union Theological Seminary in 1839 and went on to serve as a Congregational pastor in South Egremont, Mass., Cherry Valley, NY, Fort Plain, NY, and in Ohio. The collection contains two journals, a scrapbook of clippings including selections from Hall's sermons and letters, a pew plan, and brief family history.

10 manuscript diaries of John Hopkins Worcester, Jr., composed 1883-1893 chiefly in Chicago, Ill., concerning personal and professional matters; 204 letters, chiefly autograph, dated 1863-1903, and addressed chiefly to his wife Harriet Strong Worcester, from her husband, children, and other family, friends, and associates.

John Horton Daniels, a doctor based in Nanjing 南京, China and his wife Helen Daniels, were both missionaries with the Presbyterian General Board of Missions 長老會 and worked for medical missions in Nanjing China. This collection contains correspondence covering the period during which they lived and worked in China, including the final years leading up to the establishment of the People's Republic and the eviction of the missionaries, and John Horton Daniels's internment in the Philippines. This collection also contains clippings and publications related to the Daniels' work in China, as well as the Nanking Massacre of 1937.

John J. Banninga was an American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM) Missionary to India. The collection contains correspondence, reports, memoranda, clippings, and other documents related to the creation of the Church of South India (CSI), a union among Anglican, Methodist, and the South India United Churches, as well as personal papers.

The majority of the collection of papers of John R. Gunn consists of typescript carbon copies of short sermons written for publication as newspaper columns. The top copies were sent to the Fort Wayne Journal-Gazette for publication. The sermons are mainly single page, some with annotations and are based for the most part on texts from the New Testament. It is thought that the sermons published in book form during John R. Gunn's life were mostly based on Old Testament texts. The papers also include correspondence with publishers, draft ms and proposals in the years following John R. Gunn's death, as well as copies of publications (print and broadcast) and collections of biographical materials.

Includes letters, minutes, reports, memoranda, articles related to Christian education and missions in Korea, China, Japan, and India, 1908-1939, and Germany and German missions, 1913-1922.

John Rogers Coe was a Presbyterian missionary and pastor in Whitehall, New York, and the son of the Reverend Jonas Coe (1759-1822) of Troy, New York. This collection contains sermons and Biblical scholarship.

John Thomas McNeill was a theological historian and Calvin scholar, Professor of History of European Christianity at the University of Chicago, and later Professor of Church History and Auburn Professor Emeritus at Union Theological Seminary. The collection contains material related to McNeill's career, including teaching materials, research notes, sermons, correspondence, and an unpublished autobiography.

Jonas Coe (1759-1822) was the Pastor of the First Presbyterian Church in Troy, New York. This collection contains Jonas Coe's numbered sermons (the sequence is incomplete), other sermons, as well as addresses and speeches on particular occasions.

Joseph H. Odell (1871-1929) was an English Primitive Methodist and then Presbyterian preacher, who became pastor of Presbyterian churches in Fulton, NY (1894-1902), Scranton, PA (1902-1914), and Troy, NY (1915-1918), and was known for his writings during World War I. The collection contains a diary kept by Odell during his trip around the world in 1905-1906 visiting missions and YMCAs, as well as an introducution to and transcription of the diary, a photo album with pictures taken along the trip, a one-page biographical timeline of Odell's life, and a list of his printed articles.

Joseph Kingsbury Greene was an American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions Congregational missionary in Turkey for fifty-one years, stationed in Nicodemia, Bursa, and Manisa. He was fluent in Armenian and Turkish languages. The collection contains Greene's diaries from 1859 through 1917, Greene's correspondence with members of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions and others, and Greene's handwritten English and Armenian dictionaries.

Joseph Whiteside was a missionary and professor at Soochow University 東吳大 學. The collection contains manuscript diaries, including clippings, correspondence and other ephemera.

Collection captures the life of Rev. Josiah Strong, founder of the League of Social Service, through correspondence and manuscripts complied by his two daughters, Elsie and Margery Strong.

Statistics, illustrations, and pamphlets showing the nature and extent of American missionary enterprise in China. Material was collected Oct. 1908 by Arnold as an exhibit for the American Fleet visiting Amoy, Oct. 30-Nov. 5, 1908 to accompany his dispatch no. 77, dated April 29, 1909, to the Department of State. Includes photographs.

Julia Valentine Dobbs Briggs was an accomplished musician and wife of Charles Augustus Briggs. The collection contains three scrapbooks with clippings about the Briggs family.

Julius Müller was a German theologian, professor at Halle University, and and preacher at Breslau and Göttingen Universities. The collection consists of a manuscript of a lecture given at Halle University with the abridged title, "Dogmatik A," likely a transcription by one of Müller's students of his Dogmatische Abhandlungen.

Includes letters; addresses; articles related to American tours in 1936, 1950, and 1954; correspondence; interviews; clippings; and programs related to his peace mission in America in 1941.

Materials concerning the Kanto earthquake, Dec. 1924, include reports of estimated losses and reconstruction; minutes; list; statement; correspondence; notes; and photographs.

Kari Elisabeth Børresen was a Norwegian theologian known for her study of religion and gender. The collection contains Professor Børresen's Curriculum Vitae, including a bibliography of her complete writings up to 2003, as well as selections from books, articles, and conference papers by or about Børresen and pertaining to feminist theology.

Church Women United records, NCC ecumenism records (including local and regional ecumenism documents, and a complete set of CORLETTERs), Evangelical Lutheran Church of America Commission on Church and Society documents.

Katie Geneva Cannon, the first African-American woman ordained in the United Presbyterian Church, was a minister, professor, and foundational voice of womanist theology. The collection contains professional and personal materials including coursework, biographical material, artwork, teaching resources including syllabi, writing and research materials including drafts and notes, sermons, lectures and documentation of speaking engagements, correspondence, and publicity materials.

The collection, organized in one series, consists of two boxes containing materials describing the Korean Conspiracy Case during Japanese colonial rule in Korea during the early twentieth century. A significant proportion of the collection involves exhibits most likely associated with the confidential meeting in New York on October 11, 1912, which prompted the PCUSA Board of Foreign Missions to involve itself in the situation in Korea.

The collection consists of mimeographed reports of the outbreak, organized into a ten-part series, and a pamphlet containing black and white photos.

Personal and professional papers.

Recommendations, letters, and reports.

These papers from the Missionary Research Library describe the Latin American churches' response to the social movements that emerged during the years 1962-1973; the collection includes reports, pamphlets, essays, press statements, quarterly reports and a study by the North American Congress on Latin America (NACLA).

The collection contains miscellaneous materials relating to missionary work in Latin America from the Missionary Research Library, including reports on the Congreso de Montevideo, Brazil, 1925, completed missionary questionnaires, and maps.

Manuscript notes by William R. Downs.

Laymens Foreign Missions Inquiry (LFMI); Institute of Social and Religious Research; Commission of Appraisal; National Committee for Promotion of LFMI; Modern Missions Movement; Movement for World Christianity; National Committee for Christian Education in China; Commission on Christian Education in Japan; YMCA in China. Topics include church and education, economics, medical work, women, and social, industrial, and religious backgrounds of India, Burma, China, and Japan. Report Re-Thinking Missions and its reception. Notes, manuscript reports, printed materials; missionary personnel; returned interview forms; surveys of pastors, missionaries, and medical professionals.

This collection contains records of the Laymen's Missionary Movement (LMM), founded in 1906, which focused on helping churches with foreign missions, including minutes, reports, proceedings of committees and conferences, correspondence, publicity material, publications, photographs, and by-laws and legal documents.

This collection contains the working papers, correspondence, publications, and other related materials of Lesley Northup, a writer, teacher, and Episcopal priest, and Associate Professor of Religion and Culture and Associate Dean of the Honors College, Florida International University, including manuscripts, notes and clippings, correspondence related to Northup's choice to become a single parent by artificial insemination, and responses to the Forms of Address for Episcopal Women Clergy survey.

Letha Dawson Scanzoni is an evangelical feminist activist and writer specializing in topics of gender, marriage, sex education, theology, women's subordination, and lesbian and gay rights. She was a founding member of the Evangelical and Ecumenical Women's Caucus (EWC/EEWC) and editor of EEWC Update and the EEWC-CFT website from their inception to her retirement in 2013. The collection contains her research materials, publications, correspondence, and EWC/EEWC administrative and conference materials.

Letters, Jerusalem, April 19, 1835 (in English), two in Arabic.

Letty Mandeville Russell was a renowned theologian and Professor of Theology at Yale Divinity School (YDS) and an alumna of Harvard Divinity School and Union Theological Seminary, who worked in East Harlem Protestant Parish, was a director of Religious Education at Church of the Ascension, and a PCUSA home missionary. The collection includes syllabi, notes and course material relating to her tenure at YDS; manuscripts, notes and correspondence relating to her publications; reports, minutes and correspondence concerning work on denominational bodies, ecumenical task forces and committees, nonprofit organizations, and professional associations; correspondence; and memorabilia.

Report based upon the findings of extensive survey conducted by Loren E. Noren, UTS alum, on the state of Christianity and urban churches in the then British colony of Hong Kong during the years 1958 – 1962.

Lorenzo Warriner Pease was a Presbyterian missionary in Cyprus. The collection contains diaries and correspondence by Pease and his family, sermons, essays and notes, linguistic manuals, and studies, as well as surrogate photocopies of some collection material.

The Lutheran World Federation is an international organization of Lutheran Congregations and serves as the highest governing body for member churches. The collection contains documents from the second and third Lutheran World Federation Assemblies in 1952 and 1957, yearly runs of the News Bulletin of the Lutheran World Federation from 1946 to 1950, press releases made by the Lutheran World Federation, and the Newsletter of the 3rd Assembly.

Madeleine Sue Seid-Martin was a music liturgist, worship director, composer, and lay leader, and taught at the University of Notre Dame and at the University of St. Thomas School of Divinity in St. Paul, Minnesota. The collection contains manuscript music, notes, publications, correspondence, papers related to the 1993 Reimagining Event, lecture notes and drafts, works by others, and clippings from magazines and newspapers.

A collection pertaining to the interests of the Catholic Church in India as gathered by the Secretary of the Madras Catholic Union, and including church publications, newspaper clippings, and handwritten notes.

"Kirchliche Geographie u. Statistik.".

Manuscript notes for "Encyclopaedie nach Tholuck" writer unknown.

Margaret H. Brown was a missionary in China under the auspices of the United Church of Canada, and worked as an editor for the Society of Christian Literature in Shanghai. The collection consists of a typewritten manuscript entitled "History of the Honan (North China) Mission [Presbyterian] of the United Church of Canada," compiled over a period spanning the 1940s to the 1960s, and chronicling the history of the Canadian mission to central China from the 1880s to 1951.

Mark Gillette Lundeen (1941-2018) was a 1968 BD graduate of UTS who participated in anti-war activism regarding the Vietnam War, as well as civil rights and social justice initiatives including Freedom Summer. The collection contains UTS coursework; material related to anti-war organizing and resistance efforts; reports written by Lundeen documenting voter registration campaigns in Hattiesburg, Mississippi during Freedom Summer, as well as reports documenting social justice work Lundeen took part in under the auspices of the Delta Ministry largely in Natchez and Edwards, Mississippi; notes and supplemental materials from organizations including SNCC, the Delta Ministry, and the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party; and photographs and other materials that Lundeen compiled documenting neighborhoods and people in Natchez, Mississippi, towards producing a Natchez poverty report.

Mark W. Brown was professor of New Testament and Theology at Peking Theological Seminary. The collection consists of research notes, correspondence, and other material on Brown's collection of bronze Nestorian crosses from the northwest of China, including information on Nestorian Christians in China.

John Marsh the Elder was an ecclesiastical leader and alumnus of Harvard College (1761); his sons Ebenezer Grant Marsh (Yale, 1795) and John Marsh the Younger (Yale, 1804) were educated and served in Protestant communities in New England, Ebenezer as a Hebrew scholar and John Marsh the Younger as a preacher and active member of the Temperance movement. The collection contains biographical, historical, and religious manuscripts written by these three Marsh family members.

This collection contains a typescript report compiled by Dr. Martha Letitia Edwards detailing material located in the Library of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin relating to the study of Indian Missions from 1700-1840. Denominations include Baptist; Catholic; Congregational; Friends; Methodist; Moravian; Presbyterian; Protestant Episcopal; and Interdenominational Societies including but not limited to the Algic Society and the Indian Mission Association.